| Order | Family | Species | Status | FB name | Name |
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Abramites eques | endemic | Bonito | |
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Abramites hypselonotus | native | Marbled headstander | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Acanthodoras cataphractus | native | Spiny catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Acanthodoras spinosissimus | native | Talking catfish | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Acarichthys heckelii | native | Threadfin acara | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Acaronia nassa | native | Bigeye cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Acaronia vultuosa | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Acestridium colombiense | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Acestrocephalus anomalus | native | Cachás | |
| Pleuronectiformes | Achiridae | Achirus mazatlanus | native | Mazatlan sole | |
| Pleuronectiformes | Achiridae | Achirus novoae | native | Lenguado | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens biseriatus | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens coeruleopunctatus | misidentification | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens diadema | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens latifrons | endemic | Platinum acara | Azulejo |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens metae | endemic | Yellow acara | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens pulcher | native | Blue acara | Mojarra azul |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Aequidens tetramerus | native | Saddle cichlid | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Agamyxis pectinifrons | native | Whitebarred catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Ageneiosus inermis | native | Manduba | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Ageneiosus pardalis | native | Barbul rollera | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Ageneiosus ucayalensis | native | ||
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | Agonostomus monticola | native | Mountain mullet | |
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Amaralia hypsiura | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Amblydoras gonzalezi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Amblydoras monitor | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Ammocryptocharax elegans | native | ||
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Anchoa curta | native | Short anchovy | |
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Anchoa parva | native | Little anchovy | Anchoa |
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Anchoa spinifer | native | Spicule anchovy | |
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Anchoviella guianensis | native | Guyana anchovy | |
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Anchoviella jamesi | native | James's anchovy | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Ancistrus caucanus | endemic | Corroncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Ancistrus centrolepis | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Ancistrus eustictus | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Ancistrus lineolatus | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Ancistrus triradiatus | native | ||
| Anguilliformes | Anguillidae | Anguilla rostrata | native | American eel | |
| Pleuronectiformes | Achiridae | Apionichthys sauli | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma agassizii | native | Agassiz's dwarf cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma alacrina | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma bitaeniata | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma cacatuoides | native | Cockatoo cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma cruzi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma hongsloi | native | Viejita | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma iniridae | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma macmasteri | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogramma viejita | endemic | Viejita | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Apistoloricaria laani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Apistoloricaria listrorhinos | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus albifrons | native | Black ghost | Cuchillo caballo |
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus cuchillo | native | Cuchillo | |
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus eschmeyeri | native | Mayupa negra | |
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus galvisi | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus jurubidae | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus leptorhynchus | native | Cuchillo | |
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus macrostomus | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus magdalenensis | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus mariae | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus milesi | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus rostratus | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Apteronotidae | Apteronotus spurrellii | native | ||
| Osteoglossiformes | Arapaimidae | Arapaima gigas | native | Arapaima | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Argopleura chocoensis | native | Galocha | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Argopleura conventus | native | Galocha | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Argopleura diquensis | native | Galocha | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Argopleura magdalenensis | native | Sardina | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Ariopsis bonillai | native | New Granada sea catfish | Bagre cazón |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Aristichthys nobilis | not established | Bighead carp | |
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus caquetae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus chapmani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus chotae | native | Baboso | |
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus cirratus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus cyclopus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus frenatus | native | Baboso | |
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus grixalvii | native | La Guapucha | |
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus guentheri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus heterodon | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus homodon | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus jurubidae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus latidens | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus mariae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus marmoratus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus micrescens | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus nicefori | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus rengifoi | native | Capitán | |
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus retropinnus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus santanderensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus trifasciatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus unifasciatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Astroblepidae | Astroblepus ventralis | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Astronotus ocellatus | native | Oscar | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax atratoensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax bimaculatus | native | Twospot astyanax | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax caucanus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax daguae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax fasciatus | native | Banded astyanax | Tolomba |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax fasslii | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax filiferus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax gisleni | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax integer | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax magdalenae | native | Golosa | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax maximus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax megaspilura | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax microlepis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax orthodus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax ruberrimus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Astyanax stilbe | native | ||
| Atheriniformes | Atherinopsidae | Atherinella colombiensis | native | ||
| Atheriniformes | Atherinopsidae | Atherinella milleri | native | ||
| Atheriniformes | Atherinopsidae | Atherinella robbersi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Auchenipterus ambyiacus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Austrofundulus guajira | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Austrofundulus limnaeus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Austrofundulus myersi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Gobiidae | Awaous banana | native | River goby | |
| Perciformes | Gobiidae | Awaous flavus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Axelrodia riesei | native | Ruby tetra | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Bagre pinnimaculatus | native | Red sea catfish | Alguacil |
| Batrachoidiformes | Batrachoididae | Batrachoides pacifici | native | Pacific toadfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Batrochoglanis acanthochiroides | native | Bumblebee catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Batrochoglanis transmontanus | native | ||
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Betta splendens | introduced | Siamese fighting fish | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Biotodoma wavrini | native | Orinoco eartheater | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Biotoecus dicentrarchus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Boehlkea fredcochui | native | Cochu's blue tetra | |
| Characiformes | Ctenoluciidae | Boulengerella cuvieri | native | ||
| Characiformes | Ctenoluciidae | Boulengerella maculata | native | Spotted pike-characin | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brachychalcinus nummus | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Brachyhypopomus beebei | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Brachyhypopomus brevirostris | native | Bluntnose knifefish | |
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Brachyhypopomus occidentalis | native | Cuchillo | |
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma filamentosum | native | Kumakuma | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma juruense | questionable | Zebra catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma platynemum | native | Slobbering catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii | native | Dorado | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma tigrinum | native | Tigerstriped catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Brachyplatystoma vaillantii | native | Laulao catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Brochis splendens | native | Emerald catfish | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon amazonicus | native | Bocón | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon falcatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon fowleri | native | Sabaleta | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon henni | native | Sabaleta | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon labiatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon medemi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon meeki | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon moorei | native | Dorada | Dorada |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon oligolepis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon posadae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon rubricauda | native | Sabaleta | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon sinuensis | native | Mulata | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Brycon whitei | native | Bocón | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus alpha | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus andresoi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus beta | native | Golosa | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus carlosi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus caucanus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus cismontanus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus cristiani | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus dahli | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus deuterodonoides | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus emperador | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus galvisi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus guaytarae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus guizae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus huilae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus hypopterus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus icelus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus ichoensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus loisae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus miraensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus multiradiatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus peruanus | questionable | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Bryconamericus plutarcoi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Bujurquina mariae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Bunocephalus aleuropsis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Bunocephalus amazonicus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Bunocephalus colombianus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Bunocephalus knerii | native | Ecuador banjo catfish | |
| Characiformes | Chilodontidae | Caenotropus labyrinthicus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Callichthys callichthys | native | Cascarudo | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Callichthys fabricioi | native | Roño | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Callichthys oibaensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Calophysus macropterus | native | Zamurito | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Caquetaia kraussii | native | Mojarra | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Caquetaia myersi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Caquetaia umbrifera | native | Turquoise cichlid | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Carassius auratus auratus | introduced | Goldfish | |
| Carcharhiniformes | Carcharhinidae | Carcharhinus leucas | native | Bull shark | Sarda |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Carlastyanax aurocaudatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Gasteropelecidae | Carnegiella strigata | native | Marbled hatchetfish | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Cathorops fuerthii | native | Congo sea catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Cathorops manglarensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Cathorops mapale | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Cathorops tuyra | native | Besudo sea catfish | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Catoprion mento | native | Wimple piranha | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Centrochir crocodili | native | Matacaimán | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Centrodoras brachiatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Centromochlus altae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Centromochlus megalops | native | ||
| Perciformes | Centropomidae | Centropomus ensiferus | native | Swordspine snook | Robalo |
| Perciformes | Centropomidae | Centropomus nigrescens | native | Black snook | |
| Perciformes | Centropomidae | Centropomus parallelus | native | Fat snook | Robalo |
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsidium morenoi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsidium pemon | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis amphiloxa | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis baudoensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis coecutiens | native | Bagre ciego | |
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis fimbriata | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis jurubidae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis motatanensis | native | Ciego | |
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis othonops | native | Babosa | |
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Cetopsis umbrosa | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Cetopsorhamdia boquillae | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Cetopsorhamdia molinae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Cetopsorhamdia nasus | endemic | Bobito | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma aburrensis | native | Corroncho de Medell�n | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma alternifasciatum | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma anale | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma brevilabiatum | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma dorsale | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma fischeri | native | Boca de manteca | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma lepturum | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma leucomelas | endemic | Corroncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma marginatum | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma milesi | native | Corroncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma niveum | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma palmeri | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma patiae | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma paucispinis | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma tachiraense | native | Corroncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma thomsoni | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Chaetostoma vagum | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Chalceus macrolepidotus | native | Pinktail chalceus | Rabirrojo |
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium brevirostre | misidentification | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium caucanum | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium phoxocephalum | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium sanctjohanni | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium steindachneri | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Characidium zebra | questionable | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Charax metae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Chasmocranus rosae | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Cheirocerus abuelo | native | Abuelo | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Cheirocerus eques | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Cheirocerus goeldii | native | ||
| Characiformes | Chilodontidae | Chilodus punctatus | native | Spotted headstander | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichla monoculus | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichla ocellaris | questionable | Peacock cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichla orinocensis | native | Pav�n | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichla temensis | native | Speckled pavon | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma amazonarum | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma atromaculatum | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma gephyrum | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma microlepis | endemic | Mojarra rosada | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma orinocense | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Cichlasoma ornatum | native | ||
| Pleuronectiformes | Paralichthyidae | Citharichthys gilberti | native | Bigmouth sanddab | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Colisa fasciata | introduced | Banded gourami | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Colisa labiosus | introduced | Thick lipped gourami | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Colisa lalia | introduced | Dwarf gourami | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Colossoma macropomum | introduced | Tambaqui | Gamitana |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Copeina guttata | native | Redspotted tetra | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Copella compta | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Copella metae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Copella nattereri | native | Spotted tetra | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Copella vilmae | questionable | Rainbow copella | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Cordylancistrus daguae | endemic | Corroncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Cordylancistrus platyrhynchus | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras aeneus | native | Bronze corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras ambiacus | native | Spotted corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras arcuatus | native | Skunk corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras axelrodi | native | Pink corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras delphax | native | False blochi catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras elegans | native | Elegant corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras esperanzae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras fowleri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras gomezi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras habrosus | native | Salt and Pepper catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras leucomelas | native | False spotted catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras loxozonus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras melanotaenia | native | Green gold catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras melini | native | Bandit corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras metae | native | Masked corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras rabauti | native | Rust corydoras | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras reynoldsi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras septentrionalis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras simulatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Corydoras trilineatus | native | Threestripe corydoras | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Corynopoma riisei | native | Swordtail characin | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus affinis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus amoenus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus atratus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus bolivari | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus brevipinnis | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus calai | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus caucanus | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus flavescens | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus guanes | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus magdalenae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus nigrostigmatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Creagrutus phasma | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Crenicara punctulatum | native | Checkerboard cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Crenicichla johanna | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Crenicichla reticulata | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Crenicichla sveni | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Crenuchus spilurus | native | Sailfin tetra | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Crossoloricaria cephalaspis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Crossoloricaria variegata | native | Raspacaonia | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Crossoloricaria venezuelae | native | Pileta | |
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Cruciglanis pacifici | native | ||
| Perciformes | Gobiidae | Ctenogobius claytonii | native | Mexican goby | |
| Characiformes | Ctenoluciidae | Ctenolucius beani | native | ||
| Characiformes | Ctenoluciidae | Ctenolucius hujeta | native | Gar characin | Agujeto |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Ctenopharyngodon idella | not established | Grass carp | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Curimata mivartii | endemic | Cachava | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Curimata vittata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Curimatella immaculata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Curimatopsis evelynae | native | Spottail curimata | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Curimatopsis macrolepis | native | Shinyscaled curimata | |
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Cynodon gibbus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Cynopotamus atratoensis | native | Cachana | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Cynopotamus magdalenae | native | Chachás | |
| Perciformes | Sciaenidae | Cynoscion acoupa | native | Acoupa weakfish | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Cyphocharax abramoides | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Cyphocharax magdalenae | native | Campiniz | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Cyphocharax nigripinnis | misidentification | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Cyprinodontidae | Cyprinodon dearborni | native | ||
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Cyprinus carpio carpio | introduced | Common carp | |
| Batrachoidiformes | Batrachoididae | Daector gerringi | native | Peje sapo | |
| Batrachoidiformes | Batrachoididae | Daector quadrizonatus | native | ||
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Danio rerio | introduced | Zebra danio | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dasyloricaria filamentosa | native | Cuchara | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dasyloricaria latiura | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dasyloricaria seminuda | native | Zapatero | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dekeyseria pulchra | native | ||
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Devario malabaricus | introduced | Malabar danio | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Dicrossus filamentosus | native | Chessboard cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Dicrossus gladicauda | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Distocyclus conirostris | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Distocyclus goajira | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dolichancistrus atratoensis | native | Cacucho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dolichancistrus carnegiei | native | Roncho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dolichancistrus fuesslii | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dolichancistrus pediculatus | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Dolichancistrus setosus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Doraops zuloagai | native | Mariana | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Doras punctatus | native | ||
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Dormitator latifrons | native | Pacific fat sleeper | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Dormitator maculatus | native | Fat sleeper | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Duopalatinus peruanus | questionable | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Dupouyichthys sapito | native | Sapito | |
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Eigenmannia humboldtii | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Eigenmannia nigra | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Eigenmannia virescens | misidentification | Glass knifefish | Chucho |
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Elachocharax geryi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Eleotris picta | native | Spotted sleeper | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Eleotris pisonis | native | Spinycheek sleeper | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Eleotris tecta | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Entomocorus gameroi | questionable | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Eremophilus mutisii | endemic | Capitán | |
| Perciformes | Gerreidae | Eucinostomus argenteus | native | Silver mojarra | Mojarra |
| Perciformes | Gerreidae | Eucinostomus currani | native | Pacific flagfin mojarra | Leiro |
| Perciformes | Gerreidae | Eucinostomus gracilis | native | Graceful mojarra | Palometa |
| Perciformes | Gerreidae | Eugerres plumieri | native | Striped mojarra | Cachirod |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Exallodontus aguanai | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Farlowella colombiensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Farlowella curtirostra | misidentification | Lapicero | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Farlowella gracilis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Farlowella nattereri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Farlowella vittata | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Fluviphylax pygmaeus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Gambusia lemaitrei | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Gasteropelecidae | Gasteropelecus maculatus | native | Spotted hatchetfish | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Gelanoglanis stroudi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Genycharax tarpon | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Geophagus pellegrini | endemic | Yellowhump eartheater | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Geophagus steindachneri | native | Redhump eartheater | Mojarra |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Geophagus surinamensis | misidentification | Redstriped eartheater | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gephyrocharax caucanus | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gephyrocharax chocoensis | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gephyrocharax martae | native | Brinconcita | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gephyrocharax sinuensis | native | Brinconita | |
| Perciformes | Gerreidae | Gerres cinereus | native | Yellow fin mojarra | Cachirod |
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Gilbertolus alatus | native | Boquiancha | |
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Gilbertolus atratoensis | endemic | ||
| Gobiesociformes | Gobiesocidae | Gobiesox juradoensis | native | ||
| Gobiesociformes | Gobiesocidae | Gobiesox nudus | native | Clingfish | Chupador |
| Perciformes | Gobiidae | Gobioides peruanus | native | Peruvian eelgoby | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Gobiomorus dormitor | native | Bigmouth sleeper | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Gobiomorus maculatus | native | Pacific sleeper | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Grundulus bogotensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Grundulus cochae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gymnocorymbus bondi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gymnocorymbus ternetzi | introduced | Black tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Gymnocorymbus thayeri | native | False black tetra | |
| Gymnotiformes | Gymnotidae | Gymnotus ardilai | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Gymnotidae | Gymnotus cataniapo | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Gymnotidae | Gymnotus choco | native | Cuchillo | |
| Gymnotiformes | Gymnotidae | Gymnotus henni | native | Mayupa | |
| Gymnotiformes | Gymnotidae | Gymnotus tigre | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Hassar orestis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Cetopsidae | Helogenes castaneus | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Helostomatidae | Helostoma temminkii | introduced | Kissing gourami | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hemiancistrus annectens | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hemiancistrus holostictus | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hemiancistrus wilsoni | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon boquiae | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon carrilloi | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon colombianus | native | Golosa | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon decurrens | native | Galocha | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon dentatus | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon metae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon microformaa | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon rafaelense | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon tolimae | native | Pintona | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemibrycon velox | native | Sardina | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Hemidoras morrisi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Hemidoras stenopeltis | native | ||
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Hemieleotris latifasciata | native | Pygmy sleeper | |
| Perciformes | Eleotridae | Hemieleotris levis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemigrammus barrigonae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemigrammus bleheri | native | Firehead tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemigrammus marginatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hemigrammus mimus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Hemiodontidae | Hemiodus thayeria | native | ||
| Characiformes | Hemiodontidae | Hemiodus vorderwinkleri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Hemisorubim platyrhynchos | native | Porthole shovelnose catfish | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Heroina isonycterina | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Heros severus | native | Banded cichlid | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Heterocharax leptogrammus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Heterocharax macrolepis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Erythrinidae | Hoplias malabaricus | native | Trahira | Dientón |
| Characiformes | Erythrinidae | Hoplias microlepis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Hoplosternum littorale | native | Hassar | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Hoplosternum magdalenae | native | Striped hoplo | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Hoplosternum punctatum | native | ||
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Hydrolycus armatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Hydrolycus scomberoides | misidentification | Payara | |
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Hydrolycus tatauaia | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon columbianus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon condotensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon diancistrus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma | native | Bleeding-heart tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon metae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon oritoensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon panamensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon poecilioides | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon proteus | native | Galocha | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon saizi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Hyphessobrycon sweglesi | native | Red phantom tetra | |
| Pleuronectiformes | Achiridae | Hypoclinemus mentalis | native | Lenguado | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypoptopoma psilogaster | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypoptopoma steindachneri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypoptopoma thoracatum | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Hypopygus neblinae | native | ||
| Beloniformes | Hemiramphidae | Hyporhamphus roberti hildebrandi | native | Central American halfbeak | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus argus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus hondae | native | Coroncoro | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus niceforoi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus oculeus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus plecostomoides | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus varimaculosus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Hypostomus winzi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Hypselecara temporalis | native | Emerald cichlid | |
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Ichthyoelephas longirostris | native | Besugo | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Iguanodectes spilurus | native | ||
| Clupeiformes | Pristigasteridae | Ilisha amazonica | native | Amazon ilisha | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Imparfinis microps | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Imparfinis nemacheir | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Imparfinis pseudonemacheir | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Imparfinis spurrellii | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Ituglanis guayaberensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Ituglanis metae | native | ||
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | Joturus pichardi | native | Bobo mullet | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Knodus caquetae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Knodus orteguasae | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Laetacara dorsigera | misidentification | Redbreast acara | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Lasiancistrus caquetae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Lasiancistrus caucanus | endemic | Corronchito | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Lasiancistrus mayoloi | native | Cacucho | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Lasiancistrus volcanensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Lebiasina chucuriensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Lebiasina floridablancaensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Lebiasina multimaculata | native | Candela | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Lebiasina narinensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Leiarius marmoratus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Leiarius pictus | native | ||
| Lepidosireniformes | Lepidosirenidae | Lepidosiren paradoxa | native | South American lungfish | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Leporacanthicus triactis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus affinis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus boehlkei | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus muyscorum | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus niceforoi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus striatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus subniger | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Leporinus y-ophorus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Leptoancistrus cordobensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Leptodoras juruensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Leptodoras nelsoni | native | ||
| Clupeiformes | Clupeidae | Lile stolifera | native | Pacific piquitinga | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Limatulichthys griseus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Lobodeuterodon euspilurus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Lonchogenys ilisha | native | ||
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Lycengraulis batesii | native | Bates' sabretooth anchovy | |
| Clupeiformes | Engraulidae | Lycengraulis grossidens | native | Atlantic sabretooth anchovy | Sabaleta |
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Malacoglanis gelatinosus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Megalechis picta | native | Spotted hoplo | |
| Siluriformes | Callichthyidae | Megalechis thoracata | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Megalodoras uranoscopus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Megalonema orixanthum | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Megalonema platycephalum | native | Ballito | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Megalonema psammium | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Megalonema xanthum | endemic | ||
| Elopiformes | Megalopidae | Megalops atlanticus | native | Tarpon | Sabalete |
| Atheriniformes | Atherinopsidae | Membras analis | native | Backwaters silverside | Tinícalo lagunar |
| Atheriniformes | Atherinopsidae | Membras argentea | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Mesonauta egregius | endemic | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Mesonauta insignis | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Mesonauta mirificus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Microgenys minuta | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Microglanis secundus | native | ||
| Syngnathiformes | Syngnathidae | Microphis brachyurus lineatus | native | ||
| Perciformes | Centrarchidae | Micropterus salmoides | introduced | Largemouth bass | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Mikrogeophagus ramirezi | native | Ram cichlid | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Moenkhausia eigenmanni | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Moenkhausia metae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Moenkhausia orteguasae | native | ||
| Perciformes | Polycentridae | Monocirrhus polyacanthus | native | Amazon leaffish | |
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | Mugil cephalus | native | Flathead mullet | |
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | Mugil gyrans | native | Fantail mullet | |
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | Mugil liza | native | Liza | Guasiki |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Myleus schomburgkii | misidentification | Disk tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Myloplus rubripinnis | native | Redhook myleus | Gancho rojo |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Mylossoma aureum | native | Garopita | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Mylossoma duriventre | native | Garopa | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Nannoptopoma spectabile | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Nannostomus marginatus | native | Dwarf pencilfish | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Nannostomus marilynae | native | Greenstripe pencilfish | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Nanocheirodon insignis | native | Golosa | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Nemadoras elongatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Nemadoras hemipeltis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Nemadoras humeralis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Nemadoras trimaculatus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Nematobrycon lacortei | native | Rainbow tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Nematobrycon palmeri | endemic | Emperor tetra | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Nemuroglanis mariai | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Neoheterandria elegans | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Notarius cookei | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Odontocharacidium aphanes | native | Green dwarf tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Odontostilbe fugitiva | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Odontostilbe splendida | native | ||
| Perciformes | Carangidae | Oligoplites palometa | native | Maracaibo leatherjacket | Meona |
| Salmoniformes | Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus mykiss | introduced | Rainbow trout | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Opsodoras stuebelii | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Opsodoras ternetzi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Oreochromis mossambicus | introduced | Mozambique tilapia | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Oreochromis niloticus niloticus | introduced | Nile tilapia | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Oreochromis urolepis hornorum | introduced | Wami tilapia | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Osphronemus goramy | introduced | Giant gourami | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Otocinclus batmani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Otocinclus huaorani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Otocinclus vittatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Oxydoras niger | native | Ripsaw catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Oxydoras sifontesi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Oxyropsis acutirostra | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Oxyropsis carinata | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Oxyropsis wrightiana | native | ||
| Perciformes | Sciaenidae | Pachyurus schomburgkii | questionable | Amazon croaker | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Panaque cochliodon | endemic | Casasola | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Panaque nigrolineatus | native | Royal panaque | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Paracheirodon axelrodi | native | Cardinal tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Paracheirodon innesi | native | Neon tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Paracheirodon simulans | native | Green neon tetra | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Parapristella georgiae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Parastremma album | native | Blanca | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Parastremma pulchrum | native | Sardina | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Parastremma sadina | endemic | Sardina | |
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Paravandellia phaneronema | native | ||
| Characiformes | Parodontidae | Parodon apolinari | native | ||
| Characiformes | Parodontidae | Parodon caliensis | native | Rollizo | |
| Characiformes | Parodontidae | Parodon pongoensis | native | Pongo characin | |
| Characiformes | Parodontidae | Parodon suborbitalis | native | Cochinito | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Peckoltia lineola | native | ||
| Clupeiformes | Pristigasteridae | Pellona castelnaeana | native | Amazon pellona | |
| Clupeiformes | Pristigasteridae | Pellona flavipinnis | native | Yellowfin river pellona | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Perrunichthys perruno | native | Leopard catfish | Jeta de perro |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Phenacorhamdia macarenensis | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Phenagoniates macrolepis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Phractocephalus hemioliopterus | native | Redtail catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Physopyxis lyra | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Piabucina astrigata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Piabucina erythrinoides | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Piabucina festae | native | Saltona | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Piabucina panamensis | native | Candela | |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Piabucina pleurotaenia | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Piaractus brachypomus | native | Pirapitinga | Paco |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella chagresi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella conquetaensis | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella eutaenia | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella figueroai | endemic | Barbilla | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella macrocephala | endemic | Chiriri | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella metae | endemic | Barbilla | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella odynea | native | Bagrecito | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella pallida | endemic | Barbilla | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Pimelodella reyesi | endemic | Casimiro | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodina flavipinnis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus altissimus | questionable | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus blochii | native | Bloch's catfish | Nicuro |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus coprophagus | native | Mierderito | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus garciabarrigai | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus grosskopfii | native | Capaz | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus navarroi | native | Rampuche | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus ornatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pimelodus pictus | native | Pictus cat | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pinirampus pirinampu | native | Flatwhiskered catfish | |
| Perciformes | Sciaenidae | Plagioscion squamosissimus | native | South American silver croaker | |
| Perciformes | Sciaenidae | Plagioscion surinamensis | native | Pacora | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Platydoras costatus | native | Raphael catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Platynematichthys notatus | native | Coroat� | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Platysilurus malarmo | native | Malarmo | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Platysilurus mucosus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia caucana | native | Piponcita | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia gillii | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia latipinna | introduced | Sailfin molly | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia mechthildae | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia orri | native | Mangrove molly | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia reticulata | introduced | Guppy | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia sphenops | native | Molly | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poecilia velifera | introduced | Sail-fin molly | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Poeciliopsis turrubarensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Crenuchidae | Poecilocharax weitzmani | native | Black morpho tetra | |
| Perciformes | Haemulidae | Pomadasys bayanus | native | Purplemouth grunt | |
| Perciformes | Haemulidae | Pomadasys crocro | native | Burro grunt | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Poptella compressa | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Poptella longipinnis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Potamorhina altamazonica | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Potamorhina laticeps | native | Manamana | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Potamorhina latior | native | ||
| Beloniformes | Belonidae | Potamorrhaphis guianensis | native | ||
| Beloniformes | Belonidae | Potamorrhaphis petersi | native | ||
| Rajiformes | Potamotrygonidae | Potamotrygon constellata | native | Thorny river stingray | |
| Rajiformes | Potamotrygonidae | Potamotrygon magdalenae | native | Magdalena river stingray | Raya |
| Rajiformes | Potamotrygonidae | Potamotrygon motoro | native | Ocellate river stingray | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Priapichthys caliensis | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Priapichthys chocoensis | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Priapichthys nigroventralis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Priocharax pygmaeus | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Prionobrama filigera | native | Glass bloodfin | |
| Clupeiformes | Pristigasteridae | Pristigaster cayana | native | Amazon hatchet herring | |
| Pristiformes | Pristidae | Pristis microdon | native | Largetooth sawfish | |
| Pristiformes | Pristidae | Pristis pectinata | native | Smalltooth sawfish | Pez espada |
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Prochilodus magdalenae | endemic | Bocachico | |
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Prochilodus mariae | native | ||
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Prochilodus nigricans | native | Black prochilodus | |
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Prochilodus reticulatus | native | Colombian bocachico | Bocachico |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Psectrogaster ciliata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Psectrogaster rutiloides | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Pseudancistrus orinoco | native | ||
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Pseudanos winterbottomi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Pseudobunocephalus lundbergi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Pseudochalceus kyburzi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Pseudochalceus longianalis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Pseudocurimata lineopunctata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Pseudocurimata patiae | endemic | ||
| Syngnathiformes | Syngnathidae | Pseudophallus starksii | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Pseudopimelodus bufonius | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pseudopimelodidae | Pseudopimelodus schultzi | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum | native | Barred sorubim | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pseudoplatystoma metaense | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum | native | Tiger sorubim | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Pseudopoecilia austrocolumbiana | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Pterobrycon landoni | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Pterodoras granulosus | native | Granulated catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Pterodoras rivasi | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Pterophyllum altum | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Pterophyllum scalare | native | Freshwater angelfish | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Pterygoplichthys undecimalis | native | Choque | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Pterygoplichthys weberi | native | ||
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius conchonius | introduced | Rosy barb | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius gelius | introduced | Golden barb | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius nigrofasciatus | introduced | Black ruby barb | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius oligolepis | introduced | Checkered barb | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius tetrazona | introduced | Sumatra barb | |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Puntius titteya | introduced | Cherry barb | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Pygocentrus cariba | native | Black spot piranha | Piraña |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Pygocentrus nattereri | native | Red piranha | Piraña |
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Pyrrhulina lugubris | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Pyrrhulina obermulleri | native | ||
| Characiformes | Lebiasinidae | Pyrrhulina semifasciata | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rachovia brevis | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rachovia hummelincki | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rachovia maculipinnis | native | ||
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Rasbora trilineata | introduced | Three-lined rasbora | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Rhamdia argentina | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Rhamdia guatemalensis | native | Guatemalan chul�n | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Rhamdia laukidi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Rhamdia quelen | native | Capitanejo | |
| Siluriformes | Heptapteridae | Rhamdia velifer | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Rhamphichthyidae | Rhamphichthys drepanium | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Rhinodoras gallagheri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Rhinodoras thomersoni | native | Mariano | |
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Rhizosomichthys totae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Rineloricaria formosa | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Rineloricaria magdalenae | native | Alcalde | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Rineloricaria sneiderni | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus altivelis | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus atratus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus boehlkei | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus corpulentus | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus elegans | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus hartii | questionable | Hart's rivulus | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus leucurus | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus limoncochae | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus magdalenae | endemic | Magdalena rivulus | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus ophiomimus | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus pacificus | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus taeniatus | endemic | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Rivulidae | Rivulus tessellatus | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Roeboides araguaito | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Roeboides dayi | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Roeboides occidentalis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Cynodontidae | Roestes ogilviei | questionable | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Saccoderma hastata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Saccoderma robusta | endemic | ||
| Characiformes | Parodontidae | Saccodon dariensis | native | Dormilón | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Salminus affinis | native | Dorada | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Salminus hilarii | native | Dorado | |
| Salmoniformes | Salmonidae | Salmo trutta trutta | not established | Sea trout | |
| Salmoniformes | Salmonidae | Salvelinus fontinalis | not established | Brook trout | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Satanoperca acuticeps | misidentification | Sharphead eartheater | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Satanoperca daemon | native | Threespot eartheater | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Satanoperca jurupari | native | Demon eartheater | |
| Characiformes | Anostomidae | Schizodon scotorhabdotus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Schultzichthys gracilis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Schultzites axelrodi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Sciades couma | native | Couma sea catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Sciades dowii | native | Brown sea catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Sciades herzbergii | native | Pemecou sea catfish | Chivo de mar |
| Siluriformes | Ariidae | Sciades seemanni | native | Tete sea catfish | |
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Semaprochilodus insignis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Prochilodontidae | Semaprochilodus laticeps | native | ||
| Characiformes | Characidae | Serrasalmus maculatus | native | Piraña | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Serrasalmus rhombeus | native | Redeye piranha | Piraña negra |
| Perciformes | Gobiidae | Sicydium hildebrandi | endemic | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Sorubim cuspicaudus | native | Trans-Andean shovelnose catfish | Antioqueno |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Sorubim elongatus | native | Slender shovelnose catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Sorubim lima | native | Duckbill catfish | Paletón |
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Sorubimichthys planiceps | native | Firewood catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria atratoensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria caquetae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria curvispina | native | Bigutudo | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria euacanthagenys | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria fimbriata | native | Cucho pitero | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Spatuloricaria gymnogaster | native | Alcalde | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Squaliforma tenuicauda | native | Bebechicha | |
| Gymnotiformes | Hypopomidae | Steatogenys elegans | native | Barred knifefish | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina argentea | native | Stout sardine | |
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina atratoensis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina bimaculata | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina dobula | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina guentheri | native | ||
| Characiformes | Curimatidae | Steindachnerina pupula | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Sternopygus aequilabiatus | native | ||
| Gymnotiformes | Sternopygidae | Sternopygus macrurus | native | Longtail knifefish | |
| Beloniformes | Belonidae | Strongylura exilis | native | Californian needlefish | |
| Beloniformes | Belonidae | Strongylura fluviatilis | native | ||
| Beloniformes | Belonidae | Strongylura marina | native | Atlantic needlefish | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Sturisoma aureum | native | Palito | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Sturisoma panamense | native | Pitero | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Sturisomatichthys caquetae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Sturisomatichthys leightoni | native | Baracalde | |
| Siluriformes | Loricariidae | Sturisomatichthys tamanae | native | ||
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Symphysodon aequifasciatus | native | Blue discus | |
| Synbranchiformes | Synbranchidae | Synbranchus marmoratus | native | Marbled swamp eel | Anguila |
| Cypriniformes | Cyprinidae | Tanichthys albonubes | introduced | White cloud mountain minnow | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Tatia dunni | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Tetranematichthys quadrifilis | native | ||
| Characiformes | Gasteropelecidae | Thoracocharax stellatus | native | Spotfin hatchetfish | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Thorichthys meeki | introduced | Firemouth cichlid | |
| Perciformes | Cichlidae | Tilapia rendalli | introduced | Redbreast tilapia | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Trachelyopterus fisheri | native | Driftwood catfish | |
| Siluriformes | Auchenipteridae | Trachelyopterus insignis | native | Chivo | |
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Trachydoras microstomus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Trachydoras nattereri | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Doradidae | Trachydoras steindachneri | native | ||
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Trichogaster leerii | introduced | Pearl gourami | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Trichogaster microlepis | introduced | Moonlight gourami | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Trichogaster pectoralis | introduced | Snakeskin gourami | |
| Perciformes | Osphronemidae | Trichogaster trichopterus | introduced | Three spot gourami | |
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus banneaui | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus bogotensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus caliensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus chapmani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus dorsostriatum | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus gorgona | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus latidens | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus latistriatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus migrans | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus nigromaculatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus regani | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus retropinnis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus romeroi | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus sandovali | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus santanderensis | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus spilosoma | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus stellatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus straminius | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus striatus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus transandianus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus uisae | native | Trepador | Trepador |
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus unicolor | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Trichomycterus venulosus | native | ||
| Pleuronectiformes | Achiridae | Trinectes fluviatilis | native | Freshwater sole | Lenguado |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Triportheus magdalenae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Vandellia beccarii | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Trichomycteridae | Vandellia cirrhosa | native | Candiru | |
| Characiformes | Characidae | Xenagoniates bondi | native | ||
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Xiphophorus hellerii | introduced | Green swordtail | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Xiphophorus maculatus | introduced | Southern platyfish | |
| Cyprinodontiformes | Poeciliidae | Xiphophorus variatus | introduced | Variable platyfish | |
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Xyliphius lepturus | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Aspredinidae | Xyliphius magdalenae | native | ||
| Siluriformes | Pimelodidae | Zungaro zungaro | native | Gilded catfish | Bagresapo |