|
|
|
Characins
/ Lebiasinidae / Golden Pencilfish
Golden Pencilfish, Beckford's Pencilfish
Nannostomus beckfordi | Pictures
Synonyms: Nannostomus
anomalus, N. aripirangensis
Physical description: This elongated fish, varies greatly in color depending on the geographical location
from which it originated.
A thick, dark band extends from the snout to the base of the caudal fin.
The tall dorsal fin ranges in color
depending on the fish's body color.
Size/Length: To 2.5" (6.4 cm)
Similar species: One-lined Pencilfish (
Nannobrycon unifasciatus), Dwarf Pencilfish (
Nannostomus marginatus
).
Habitat: Thickets of shallow vegetation in small brooks and creeks. South America; French Guyana,
Guyana, and Brazil in the Rio Negro and middle Amazon.
S: middle, top
Aquarium: 20" (50 cm) or 10 gallons (38 L).
The tank should be well-planted with
fine-leafed plants (possible spawning site) and have a partial cover of floating plants to diffuse the light.
Arrange
the tank in dark colors with dark gravel.
This fish prefers clean, peat-filtered water.
Water chemistry: pH 6-7.5 (6.7), dH 1-18 (5), 72-81°F (22-27°C)
Social behavior: A peaceful fish best kept in schools.
Combine with other peaceful fish including
small characins and catfish.
Unlike other species in this family, Beckford's Pencilfish can be combined with more lively
fish.
Males often battle with each other, although neither fish is ever injured.
Suggested companions: Tetras, Corydoras,
Loricarids, Killifish,
Apistogramma, Discus, Hatchetfish, Rasboras,
Danios.
FOOD: Live; Brine Shrimp, bloodworms, glassworms,
Tubifex, mosquito larvae,
Cyclops, Drosophila
; also takes dry foods
SEX: Males are slimmer with brighter red colors.
Breeding techniques: Use a small tank with a pH from 6.0 to 7.0, soft to medium water (1-6 dH), and a warm
temperature of 82-86°F (28-30°C).
Place as many fine-leafed plants as possible in the tank along with
Java moss.
The lighting should be dim.
Spawning is initiated when the male pokes the female's abdomen.
Pencilfish
are notorious egg-eaters and often eat the eggs are they are dropped.
Try using a pipette to suck up the eggs,
before this occurs.
Remove the pair or the eggs to a rearing tank.
The transparent eggs hatch in 24-36
hours and the fry are free-swimming after 6 more days.
At this time, the fry swim near the surface of the water and should
be fed with roftiers, newly hatched Artemia, and powdered foods.
When the young begin to swim at a lower water
level, they can be fed larger foods.
With frequent partial water changes, the young will grow quickly, even
beginning to develop adult colors as soon as five weeks.
Breeding potential: 5.
Breeding is fairly easy as long as the eggs are separated from the parents in time.
Remarks: Beckford's Pencilfish occasionally has problems with acclimation.
It is normal for individuals to be shy
and lose color for the first weeks in a new tank.
There are several different color forms available.
The color of this fish greatly depends
on its geographical habitat.
Several sub-species have been described.
Beckford's Pencilfish is the easiest of its genus
to care for and breed.
When excited, the colors of this fish are intensified.
Difficulty of care: 3. A hardy, peaceful fish ideal for small community tanks.
Nannostomus beckfordi. Photo by Holly Tjaden.
Recent articles about fish
Overfishing may hurt Amazon forest trees
(2/5/2008) Overfishing is reducing the effectiveness of seed dispersal by fish in the Brazilian Pantanal, reports Nature. The research suggests that fishing practices can affect forest health.
Scientists find fish that literally lives in trees
(10/17/2007) Scientists have found a fish that literally lives in trees, according to research published in The American Naturalist and highlighted in New Scientist Magazine.
Piranhas originated when Amazon was flooded by seawater
(12/4/2007) South America's piranha family of fish -- notorious as eaters of flesh -- can be traced back to a single ancestor which dispersed when the Amazon was flooded by seawater some five million years ago, report researchers from the Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement (IRD). Today piranhas are exclusively freshwater fish found from the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela to the Parana in Argentina.
How to save the world's oceans from overfishing
(7/8/2007) Global fishing stocks are in trouble. After expanding from 18 millions tons in 1950 to around 94 million tons in 2000, annual world fish catch has leveled off and may even be declining. Scientists estimate that the number of large predatory fish in the oceans has fallen by 90 percent since the 1950s, while about one-quarter of the world's fisheries are overexploited, depleted, or recovering from depletion. Despite these dire trends, the situation is changing. Today some of the world's largest environmental groups are focused on addressing the health of marine life and oceans, while sustainable fisheries management is at the top of the agenda for intergovenmental bodies. At the forefront of these efforts is Mike Sutton, director of the Monterey Bay Aquarium's conservation program: the Center for the Future of the Oceans. The aquarium, which has long been recognized as one of the world's most important marine research facilities, is pioneering new strategies for protecting the planet's oceans. Sutton says the approach has four parts: establishing new marine protected areas, pushing for ocean policy reform, promoting sustainable seafood, and protecting wildlife and marine ecosystems.
|
|
|
